Rotation and reciprocation power unit



Aug. 6, 1957 B. L. BRUCKEN 2,801,549

ROTATION AND RECIPROCATION POWER UNIT Filed Nov. 16, 1953 V 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 F fg.

INVENTOR. 4 Byron L. Bracken "QWW His Attorney B. L. BRUCKEN ROTATION AND RECIPROCATION POWER UNIT 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 16, 1955 IN. F Wu mm M." MA 2 d n C H.

mmvrox Byron L. Bracken His Attorney 6, 1957 B. L. BRUCKEN 2,801,549

ROTATION AND RECIPROCATION POWER uNiT Filed Nov. 16, 1953, 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 l/V VE N TOR. Byron L. Bracken His Attorney Aug. 6, 1957 B. L. BRUCKEN 2,801,549

ao'mxon AND RECIPROCATION POWER unn' Filed Nov. 16, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 F fg. 6

INVENTOR. Byron L. Bracken Hls Attorney 8 2,801,549 1C6 Patented Aug.6,1

ROTATION AND RECIPROCATION POWER UNIT Byron L. Bracken, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application November 16, 1953, Serial No. 392,223

15 Claims. (Cl. 74-472) This invention relates to domestic appliances and more particularly to a power unit for a combined clothes washing machine and dryer.

An object of this invention is to provide a power unit for a combined washer and dryer or the like in which a rotatable tub or similar object is rotatable at two different speeds and in which an agitator, or the like, is reciprocable.

Another object of this invention is to provide a power unit for a combined washer and dryer or the like in which the agitator is actuated at proper speed while the tub is in its vertical position, the tub is whirled at high speed for wringing the clothes while the tub is in its vertical position, and the tub is rotated at slow tumbling speed while the tub is in its non-vertical position.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred form of the invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical cross-sectional view of the power unit, taken along line 1--1 of Figure 2.

Figures 2 and 3 are horizontal cross-sectional views taken along the lines 22 and 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a phantom view of the combined washer and dryer in the drying position and showing air flow with the tub in tilted position.

Figure 5 is a phantom view similar to Figure 4 showing the machine with the tub in vertical position for washing and spinning operations.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view showing the timer and elements governed thereby.

Figure 7 shows certain parts of Figure l in a different position, with the solenoid energized.

Cabinet 20 contains a rotatable tub 21 movable from a vertical position, as shown in Figure 5 to a non-vertical position as shown in Figure 4.

Clothes are washed in the tub 21 while it is in its vertical position. They are also wrung centrifugally by spinning the tub at high speed while it is still in its vertical position. Thereafter, the tub is tilted to its nonvertical position and rotated at low, clothes tumbling speed while warm air is blown into the tub.

Certain elements located in the machine are hereafter referred to in the specification and diagrammatically shown in Figure 6. They are more fully described in my concurrently filed application for Domestic Appliance, Serial No. 392,222, filed November 16, 1953, to which reference is made, if necessary for a more complete description thereof.

Air heating means 22 and air blowing means 23 dis charge warm air at 2 in alignment with the mouth of the tub when the tub is in its non-vertical position. The blowing ineans 23 receives air at 25 from the down flow tube 26. The tube 26 receives air from the air upfiow condenser '27, which has an air intake at 2.7a inside the cabinet 2'tl bu't outside the tub 21, and adjacent the floor 31. This air flows upwardly through 'the condenser tube 27 where the moisture in the air is condensed, thence down through the down flow tube 26 to the blower 23 and from thence through another conduit 28 to a riser 29 where it is heated by heater 22, and then to the air discharge conduit 24. The warm dry air is discharged into the tilted tub where it picks up the moisture from the clothes. The moistened air then flows over the rims 21a and 103 of the tub and returns to the air intake 27a to repeat the cycle.

Moisture carried by the air and removed from the clothes is condensed from the air by the cold water spray 30 at the top of the condenser tube 27. The dried air is rewarmed and recirculated to continue to dry the clothes to the desired degree of clothes dryness.

The water sprayed and condensed in 27 drops through the condenser air intake 27a to the floor 31, from whence it flows to the water drain 32. The water then flows through conduit 33 to pump 34 which discharges into a hose 35, which may be connected to a stationary tub or drain. Conveniently, the blower 23 and pump 34 may be driven by the motor 36.

If desired, the blower 23 may be driven from the motor 36 through the medium of electrically operated clutch 23a, although such clutch may be omitted for manufacturing economy.

A reciprocable agitator 40 is placed within the tub 21, and preferably is vertically reciprocable therein, by the power unit which is the subject of this application.

The tub 21 is mounted within the casing 20 on horizontal trunnions 42 which support a swinging yoke 43. The yoke is actuated by the plunger-cylinder construction 44, through the medium of the connecting rod 45 and crank 46. Movement of the piston 50, within cylinder construction 44 moves the connecting rod 45 and swings the tub, as more fully disclosed in my application Serial No. 392,222, filed November 16, 1953,

The yoke 43 has a ring 47 atits lowermost central part. This ring 47 resiliently supports the mechanism housing 48 by means of resilient rings 49. The housing 48 contains the tub and agitator driving mechanism.

The mechanism is capable of reciprocating the agitator vertically at the proper speed through the medium of shaft 116b, through gear reduction 48a while the rotor of motor 96 runs clockwise, as viewed from the top in Figure l, and clockwise in Figures 2 and 3. The tub is spun at high speed by cage 117, and tub supporting cone 118 while the motor 96 runs counterclockwise, as viewed from the top in Figure 1, and counterclockwise in Figures 2 and 3. The tub 21 rotates at slow, clothes tumbling speed when it is in its non-vertical position because of a change of gear drive in housing 48 and while the motor runs counterclockwise in Figures 2 and 3. Further description of the mechanism in housing 48 appears elsewhere.

The agitator 40 is flexibly water-sealed with respect to tub cone support 118 by means of flexible bellows 40a.

Water for washing the clothes is introduced through the hot water pipe 60 (Figure 6) and cold water pipe 61, which discharge respectively through the valves operated by solenoids 62 and 63 into the mixer and constant flow control 64, which discharges through the faucet 65 into the flexible nozzle 66 directed into the mouth of the tub 21, when the tub is in its vertical position.

To rock the tub from vertical to non-vertical position, the cold water pipe 61 is also connected to the pipe 67 leading to the pilot valve 68 which directs the water selectively to opposite sides of the piston 50. within the cylinder 44 and from whence it discharges through the pipe 69 to the floor 3,1 and drain 32. The pilot valve 68 may be controlled by solenoids 70 and 70a which pull magnet armature 70b in opposite directions to actuate the plunger 71 for selectively directing the water to opposite sides of the piston 50. The plunger 71 has passages which connect the pipes 76 and 77 at suitable times to feed to and discharge water from both sides of piston 50 to rock tub 21 from its vertical to its non-vertical position and vice versa. The cold water pipe 61 is also connected to condenser supply pipe 30a leading to condenser valve 30b which controls the flow of water through extension 300 to condenser spray 30, as more fully disclosed in my said application Serial No. 392,222, filed November 16, 1953.

The mechanism in housing 48 is constructed and operates as follows: a For agitation, the motor rotor 160 runs to the left in Figure 1 or clockwise in Figures 2 and 3. The motor shaft 139 becomes free-running with respect to one way, roller type clutch 150 and clutches at one way, roller type clutch 134 to rotate spiral gear 135 and spiral gears 48a. Gears 48a, in turn, reciprocate the shaft 116b through the medium of cranks 161 and connecting links 161a. At this time, the solenoid 116 is energized and pulls the armature 162 against the stationary surface 155. The plate 136 also is pulled down with the armature 162, as well as connectors 138a and springs 138. The tops 13817 of connectors 138a bear against pins 138s and produce a braking action on plate 137 and cage 117 to which it is attached. This prevents cage 117 and tub 21 from turning during the agitation period.

For fast tub rotation, to wring the clothes while the tub is in a vertical position, motor rotor 160 runs to the right in Figure 1 and counterclockwise in Figures 2 and 3. At this time, clutch solenoid 116 remains deenergized and solenoid armature 162 is not pulled down. Solenoid armature 162 fixedly carries gear plate 136, and since the solenoid is not energized, the compression springs 138 pull the gear plate 136, through the medium of connectors 138a, upwardly against the gear plate 137 and frictionally hold the gear plates together. Gear plate 137 is attached to the cage 117. Therefore, rotary power fiows at the same speed from the motor shaft 139 through one way, roller type clutch 150, gears 151 and 152 to gear plates 136 and 137, cage 117, tub support 118 and tub 21. The frictional contact between gear plates 136 and 137 prevent rotation of gears 152 and 152a about shafts 156 and hence they transmit the direct drive from shaft 139 to cage 117.

Details of the connection between cage 117 and tub support 118 include a cone-shaped upper extension 117a of cage 117, which threadedly engages upper neck 153 of the tub support 118. The cage 117 and upper extension 117a are rotatably supported within housing 48 by thrust ball bearing 153a. Liquid seals 153b and 153c are provided to prevent undesired flow of lubricant and/ or water.

For slow rotation of the tub, while it is in a non-vertical position, to dry the clothes, clutch solenoid 116 is energized and pulls armature 162 into stationary frictional engagement with stationary surface 155, as shown in Figure 7, and this in turn holds gear plate 136 away from gear plate 137 and holds plate 136 stationary and allows plate 137 to rotate. The motor rotor 160 is rotated to the right in Figure 1 and counterclockwise in Figures 2 and 3. Rotary power flows from motor shaft 139 through clutch 150 and rotates gear 151. Since plate 136 is stationary, gear 151 rotates planetary gears 152 and 152a about shafts 156 to rotate gear plate 137 and cage 117 at a desired slower speed by well-known planetary action. Cage 117 rotates tub 21 at such slower speed for the drying operation heretofore explained. There is a braking action between stationary plate 136 and rotating plate 137 at 13811 and 1380 as previously described, but the greater torque now developed in this gear reduction overcomes such braking action.

The motor includes a running winding 200, a starting winding 201, and a centrifugal switch 202 for disconnecting the starting winding when the motor speed reaches a predetermined value. These elements of the motor may be of the usual construction, now well kown.

The combined washer and dryer is made the subject of my concurrently filed application for Domestic Appliance, Serial No. 392,222, filed November 16, 1953, and is claimed therein.

The timer (Figure 6) controls elements of my combined washer and dryer to cause them to operate automatically in proper sequence. The time knob 81 is used for indicating the amount of travel of the timer, and for manually setting the timer shaft 82. The knob may have start and stop and intermediate indications on it. The shaft 82 is driven by the timer motor 83 preferably in a quick step by step partial rotation in a manner somewhat similar to that described in the patents to K. O. Sisson 2,520,695, August 29, 1950, and/or 2,549,- 025, April 17, 1951. The shaft 82 may be selectively set manually by the knob 81 while either in its retracted position shown in Figure 6 or in its pushed in position, as described in the Sisson patents. When knob 81 is pushed in (toward the right in Figure 6) contact 84 closes on 85. If knob 81 is at start or any other operating intermediate position the timer motor cam 86 closes 87 on 88 to energize timer motor 83 throughout from start position to stop position, when contacts 87, 88 are automatically opened to stop all operations. Spring 90 corresponds to a of Sisson 2,520,695, and pin 91 is provided to cause the knob to be automatically pushed out as it is manually rotated beyond the stop position and past cam 98 toward the start position, so that the machine will not start until the knob is deliberately pushed in by the user.

The operation is as follows:

To wash a load of clothes, the user inserts the clothes and detergent in the tub and moves the knob 81 to start (or to a shortened initial agitation period as described in Sisson 2,549,025) and pushes the knob 81 in (toward the right in Figure 6). This closes 84, 85 and 87, 88, as previously described, to energize timer motor 83.

The initial fill is controlled by closing 89, and 89a, 90a, to energize hot solenoid valve 62 the correct period of time for a hot fill (or both 62 and 63 if manual mix switch 92 is closed). Thereafter 89, 90 and 89a, 90a are opened. The first pulsation or agitation is produced by the closing of contact 174 with contacts 179 and 180 by means of cam 95, and by the closing of contact 184 with contacts 181 and 182 which rotates the motor 96 in casing 48 in the correct direction (clockwise in Figures 2 and 3) to reciprocate the agitator 40 vertically for the correct period of time. The motor 96 then drives the gears 48a, connecting cranks 161 and connecting links 161a to reciprocate shaft 116b and agitator 40 vertically. At this time, contacts 113 and 114 are also closed to energize the solenoid 116 and thus impart a braking action on cage 117 to prevent it from turning.

To whirl the tub at high speed, while vertical, for wringing the clothes, the timer contact 174 closes on 175 and 176 while contact 184 closes on 177 and 178 to rotate motor 96 in the other direction (counterclockwise in Figures 2 and 3) to rotate tub 21 and agitator 40 at high speed for the correct period of time. At the termination of the spin period, the contacts 113 and 114 are temporarily closed to impart a braking action on the cage 117 and tub 21.

A tepid or mix rinse is produced by the timer auto matically by repeating the previous fill, agitation and spin operations without the addition of detergent under the control of the timer. A cold rinse (with or without a previous tepid rinse) is obtained by closing 100, 101 by cam 102 for the proper length of time to fill the tub; Cams 99 and 102 are indicated concentrically because they correspond to similar parts in the Sisson Patent 2,549,025. The timer is provided with suflicient notches and indentations to produce automatically the above two or three complete fill, agitation and spin cycles.

IfHit is desired to have the machine agitate and spin the cold rinse without overflow, the timer is designed so that contacts 100, 101 are opened before agitation is produced. If overflow rinse is desired, then the timer is designed so that contacts 101 remain closed during this rinse agitation. Thereafter, the last rinse, spin is obtained, after the fill and agitation have been turned off, by closing the proper circuits of motor 96 as previously described, after which the circuits of motor 96 are opened.

The water spun from the clothes in the foregoing operations is discharged from the tub during the split over the rim 103 from which it hits the sidewalls of cabinet and flows down to floor 31, through outlet 32, pipe 33, pump 34 and discharge hose 35. Operation of the pump is accomplished by the closing of 104, 105 by cam 106 which drives-pump and fan motor 36. a

To dry the load of clothes referred to in the two preceding paragraphs, the timer is permitted to continue to turn and closes 110, 111a by cam 112, to tilt the tub 21 to the non-vertical position shown in Figure 4 by energizing solenoid 70a and causing piston 50 to move the tub to such non-vertical position. Thereafter, a slow turning of tub 21 is produced to tumble the clothes in the tub, warm air is blown into the tub to evaporate the moisture from the clothes, the evaporated moisture is condensed by cold water sprayed at 30, and the water is discharged at 35. To accomplish this the timer closes contact 174 on 175, 176 and contact 184 on 177, 178 by cam 95 to rotate motor 96 in the same direction; as in spin; closes contacts 113, 114 by cam 115 to energize solenoid 116 to produce slowrotation of tub 21; closes contacts 120, 121 by cam 122 to energize heater .22; closes contacts 104, 105 by cam 106 to energize. fan and pump motor 36; closes contacts 123, 124 by earn 125 to energize blower solenoid clutch 23a, if such a clutch is used; closes contacts 126, 127 by cam 128 to energize condenser water valve 30b. This operation continues for a sufiicient time todry the clothes. Thereafter, 110 and 111 are closed to rock the tub to vertical position. The timer then opens all contactsexcept 84, 85 and 87,, 88 and thereafter opens 87, 88 at the j stopi position automatically to stop all operations of the washer-dryer and of the timer itself.

, If desired, the heater 22 may be controlled by a thermostat 130, controlling switch 131, and being manually adjustable as to temperature setting by knob 132, and

having a thermostatic bulb 133 in the machine wherever desired.

If the user wishes to wash clothes Without drying them, the timer is stopped after the final spin. If the user wishes to dry clothes without washing them in this machine, The places the timer in a position just before the tilting of the tub, places the clothes in the tuband then pushes the knob 81 in (to the right in Figure 6). The drying operation will takeplace, starting with the tilting of the tub, as previously described.

NVhile the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed constitutes a preferred form, it is tobe understood that other forms might be adopted as may comewithin the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A device of the character described comprising: a rotatable article to be rotated; a reciprocable article to be reciprocated relatively to said rotatable article; means for reciprocating said reciprocable article while said rotatable article is relatively stationary; means for rotating said rotatable article and said reciprocable article at high speed while said reciprocable article is not reciprocating; and means for rotating said rotatable article and said reciprocable article at relatively slow speed.

2. A device of the character described comprising: a rotatable article to be rotated; a reciprocable article to be reciprocated relatively to said rotatable article; means for reciprocating said reciprocable article while said rotatable article is relatively stationary; means for rotating said rotatable article and said reciprocable article at high speed while said reciprocable article is not reciprocating; and means for rotating said rotable article and said reciprocable article at relatively slow speed while said reciprocable article is not reciprocating.

3. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a motor; a reciprocating transmission connecting said motor to said shaft; and a plural speed rotational transmission connecting said motor to said cage for selective rotation at plural speeds.

4. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article tobe reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor; a reciprocating transmission connecting said motor to said shaft when said motor rotates in one direction; and a plural speed rotational transmission connecting said motor to said cage when said motor rotates in the other direction for selective rotation at plural speeds.

5. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a motor; a reciprocating transmission connecting said motor to said shaft; a plural speed rotational transmission connecting said motor to said cage for selective rotation at plural speeds; and control means for selecting reciprocation of said shaft and plural speed rotation of said cage.

6. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a motor; a reciprocating transmission connecting said motor to said shaft; a plural speed rotational transmission connecting said motor to said cage for selective rotation at plural speeds; and control meansincluding a solenoid associated with said cage for selecting reciprocation of said shaft and plural speed rotation of said cage. 7. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor; a reciprocating transmission connecting said motor to said shaft when said motor rotates in one direction; a plural speed rotational transmission connecting said motor to said cage when said motor rotates in the other direction for selective rotation at plural speeds; and control means for selecting reversal of said motor, reciprocation of said shaft and plural speed rotation of said cage.

8. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor; a reciprocating transmission connecting said motor to said shaft when said motor rotates in one direction; a plural speed rotational transmission connecting said motor to said cage when said motor rotates in the other direction for selective rotation at plural speeds; and control means for selecting reversal of said motor and including a solenoid associated with said casing for selecting reciprocation of said shaft and plural speed rotation of said cage.

I 9. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be'reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; arotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor having a rotatable drive shaft; a reciprocating transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in one direction of said drive shaft and having a reciprocating connection with said reciprocable shaft; and a plural speed rotational transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in the other direction of said drive shaft and having a plural speed rotational connection with said cage.

10. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor having a rotatable drive shaft; a reciprocating transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in one direction of said drive shaft and having a reciprocating connection with said reciprocable shaft; a plural speed rotational transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in the other direction of said drive shaft and having a plural speed rotational connection with said cage; and a solenoid operated means preventing rotation of said cage when said reciprocable shaft is reciprocating and selecting speed of rotation of said cage when it is rotating.

11. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rtatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage nection with said cage; said rotational transmission including planetary gearing between the second named one way clutch and said cage.

13; A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor having a rotatable drive shaft; a reciprocating transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in one direction of said drive shaft and having a reciprocating connection with said reciprocable shaft; a plural speed rotational transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in the other direction of said drive shaft and having a plural speed rotational connection with said cage; said reciprocating transmission including a worm gear and crank connection between the first named one way clutch and reciprocable shaft; said rotational transmission including planetary gearing between the second named one way clutch and said cage.

adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor having a rotatable drive shaft; a reciprocating transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in one direction of said drive shaft and having a reciprocating connection with said reciprocable shaft; a plural speed rotational transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in the other direction of said drive shaft and having a plural speed rotational connection with said cage; said reciprocating transmission including a worm gear and crank connection between the first named one way clutch and reciprocable shaft. 12. A power unit adapted to be associated with a rotatable article to be rotated and to a reciprocable article to be reciprocated comprising: a reciprocable shaft to be connected with said reciprocable article; a rotatable cage adapted to be connected to said rotatable article; a reversible motor having a rotatable drive shaft; a reciprocating transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in one direction of said drive shaft and having a reciprocating connection with said reciprocable shaft; a plural speed rotational transmission having a one way clutch connection with said drive shaft upon rotation in the other direction of said drive shaft and having a plural speed rotational con- 14. A power unit comprising: a rotational drive shaft; a driven reciprocable shaft; a rotatable plural speed cage coaxial with said drive shaft; a first one way clutch on said drive shaft and effective upon rotation of said drive shaft in one direction; a first gear driven by said one way clutch; a reciprocating mechanism carriedtby said cage and connecting said first gear and said reciprocable shaft; a second one way clutch on said drive shaft and effective upon rotation of said drive shaft in the other direction; a second gear driven by said second one way clutch; and a plural speed mechanism connecting said second gear and said cage.

15. A power unit comprising: a rotational drive shaft; a driven reciprocable shaft; a rotatable plural speed cage coaxial with said drive shaft; a first one way clutch on said drive shaft and effective upon rotation of said drive shaft in one direction; a first gear driven by said one way clutch; a reciprocating mechanism carried by said cage and connecting said first gear and said reciprocable shaft; a second one way clutch on said drive shaft and effective upon rotation of said drive shaft in the other direction; a second gear driven'by said second one way clutch; a plural speed mechanism connecting said second gear and saidcage; and a solenoid operated means effective to prevent rotation of said cage when said drive shaft rotates in said one direction and to change speed of rotation of said cage when said drive shaft rotates in said other direction.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,261,545 Johnson Apr. 2, 1918 2,346,152 Clark Apr. 11, 1944 2,392,652 Dyer Jan. 8, 1946 2,467,627 Olson Apr. 19, 1949 2,557,967 Hudson June 26, 1951 2,583,065 Stephan Jan. 22, 1952 2,622,450 Gorske Dec. 23, 1952 

